Paesaggi fluviali – dinamica dei sedimenti e connettività


Gli ecosistemi fluviali seminaturali, siano essi estremamente umidi o aridi, sono molto più che semplice acqua: essi infatti sono formati da corridoi costituiti da banchi di ghiaia, boschi golenali e stagni. I corsi d’acqua possono quindi essere considerati a ragione tra gli habitat più diversificati della Terra. A riprova della rilevanza degli ecosistemi fluviali, è entrato nel linguaggio specifico il termine «riverscape» (paesaggio fluviale), in analogia e contrapposizione a «landscape» (paesaggio). Il principale motivo di tanta varietà ecologica è la dinamicità degli ambienti fluviali. Le piene, ad esempio, provocando spostamenti di sedimenti, permetto la regolare rigenerazione degli habitat. Gli animali e le piante si sono adattati a queste dinamiche e spesso ne sono addirittura dipendenti. A causa della pressione antropica, esercitata in particolare con arginature e regimazioni, numerosi corsi d’acqua hanno perso la loro naturale dinamicità. Ripristinare le dinamiche fluviali è un compito complesso, soprattutto in un territorio fortemente antropizzato come la Svizzera.

Data la rilevanza e l’urgenza del tema, lo studio delle dinamiche dei sedimenti affrontato nella precedente fase del programma, è stato ulteriormente approfondito e ampliato nel progetto di ricerca «Paesaggi fluviali – dinamica dei sedimenti e connettività», sia sotto il profilo degli aspetti di ingegneria idraulica che di quelli ecologici. Il progetto pone particolare attenzione sulla connettività fluviale e si sviluppa  su due temi principali:

  1. il trasporto solido di fondo: la sua importanza per la sicurezza idraulica e l’ecologia, in particolare per corsi d’acqua medio-grandi

  2. lo spazio occupato dai corsi d’acqua (connettività laterale): pianificazione, utilizzazione e manutenzione idraulica ed ecologica delle zone golenali

Articolo riepilogativo sul contenuto e la struttura del progetto da scaricare

Lebensraum Gewässer – Sedimentdynamik und Vernetzung: Forschungsprogramm «Wasserbau und Ökologie» Vetsch, D., Allen, J., Belser, A., Boes, R., Brodersen, J., Fink, S., Franca, M., Juez, C., Nadyeina, O., Christopher, R. T., Scheidegger, Ch., Schleiss, A., Siviglia, A., Weber, Ch., Weitbrecht, V., 2018, Wasser, Energie und Luft 1: 19-24 [pdf, 599 KB]

Fasi del progetto

Concluso
2017-2021

Direzione  del progetto

Anna Belser (UFAM, coordinamento progetto)
Giovanni de Cesare (LCH)
Christoph Scheidegger (WSL)
David Vetsch (VAW)
Christine Weber (Eawag)

Gruppo di accompagnamento

Cantoni: Norbert Kräuchi (AG), Christian Marti (ZH), Vinzenz Maurer (BE), Erik Olbrecht (GR), Pascale Ribordy (FR), Thomas Stucki (AG)
Altri: Lukas Hunzinger (Flussbau AG SAH), Benjamin Leimgruber (AquaViva), Tamara Ghilardi (CSD Ingenieurs SA), Roger Pfammatter (SWV), Sandro Ritler (Holinger AG)

Comitato direttivo

UFAM: Rémy Estoppey, Susanne Haertel-Borer, Andreas Knutti, Carlo Scapozza
Istituti di ricerca: Robert Boes (VAW), Christoph Hegg (WSL), Giovanni de Cesare (LCH), Johny Wüest (Eawag)

Accompagnamento UFAM

Diego Dagani, Katharina Edmaier, Lorenzo Gorla,
Thomas Gregor, Christian Holzgang, Stephan Lussi, Antoine Magnollay, Manuel Nitsche, Martin Pfaundler, Adrian Schertenleib.

Prodotti & Pubblicazioni

  • Studi sull’ambiente

    Singoli Capitoli

    Info-Flyer

    Mappa interattiva

    Stop Motion Movies

    1. Blu e verde - e strettamente connessi

    2. I fiumi come habitat

    3. In viaggio con i Rolling Stones

    4. L’intervento umano

    5. Una diversità dinamica

    • Fink, S., Belser, A., De Cesare, G., Weber, C., Vetsch, D., 2023. "Lebensraum Gewässer - Seidmentdyamik und Vernetzung": Veröffentlichung aus der praxisorientierten Forschung im Wasserbau und Ökologie. N + L Inside 23(2): 27-32. pdf

    • Fink S., Belser A., Juez C., Scheidegger C., Weber C., Vetsch D., 2018. „Lebensraum Gewässer – Sedimentdynamik und Vernetzung“, ein Projekt im Forschungsprogramm „Wasserbau und Ökologie“. N + L Inside 18:27-32. pdf

    • Fink, S., Senn-Irlet, B., Scheidegger, C., & Gross, A., 2020. Quelles sont les espèces fongiques qui fructifient fréquemment dans les plaines inondables et comment nous devons les protéger? Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde (4): 16-17. pdf

    • Fink, S., Senn-Irlet, B., Scheidegger, C., & Gross, A., 2020. Welche Pilze kommen in Flussauen häufig vor und wie können wir sie schützen? Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde (4): 14-15. pdf

    • Fink, S., & Scheidegger, C., 2020. Monitoring von naturschutzrelevanten Pflanzen und Flechten in Auenlandschaften. Ingenieurbiologie: Mitteilungsblatt (4): 45-54. pdf

    • Fink, S., Scheidegger, C., 2022. Naturschutzplanung für Fliessgewässer-Auen unter Klimawandel. Auenmagazin: Magazin des Auenzentrums Neuburg a.d. Donau (21): 10-15. pdf

    • Rachelly, C., 2022. Sediment Supply Control on River Widening Morphodynamics and Refugia Availability. VAW-Mitteilungen. 265. Zürich: Eigenverlag der Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie (VAW), ETH Zürich.

    • Schleiss, A.J., Bühlmann, I., Thalmann, M., Maechler, G., Juez, C. und Franca, M. (2018). Feinsedimentdynamik in revitalisierten Flüssen. KW Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft 11(4):211-216, doi: 10.3243/kwe2018.04.004 pdf

    • Schroff R., Mörtl C., De Cesare G., 2021. Wirkungskontrolle einer Sedimentzugabe: Habitatvielfalt und Kolmation. WasserWirtschaft, 111(9): 68–76.

    • Schroff, R., Mörtl, C., Vonlanthen, P., De Cesare, G., 2022. Impacts et enjeux de charriage d’une crue artificielle – Exemple de la Petite Sarine 2020. Wasser Energie Luft, 114 (2): 75-84.

    • Schwindt, S., Franca, M.J. and Schleiss, A.J. (2018). Teildurchgängige Geschiebesammler für sicheren Rückhalt [Partially permeable sediment traps for safe bed load retention], Wasserwirtschaft 108(4):18-23, doi:10.1007/s35147-018-0026-y pdf

    • Twining, C.W., Weber, C., Kowarik, C., Gossner, M.M., Graham, C.H., Matthews, B. et al., 2022. Zum Fressen gern: Unsere Gewässer aus der Vogelperspektive. WEL 114: 68-74.

    • Vetsch, D., Allen, J., Belser, A., Boes, R., Brodersen, J., Fink, S., Franca, M., Juez, C., Nadyeina, O., Christopher, R. T., Scheidegger, Ch., Schleiss, A., Siviglia, A., Weber, Ch., Weitbrecht, V., 2018: Lebensraum Gewässer – Sedimentdynamik und Vernetzung : Forschungsprogramm «Wasserbau und Ökologie». Wasser, Energie und Luft, 110 (1): 19-24 pdf

    • van Rooijen, E., 2022. The Development and Application of a New Automatic Fluvial Mesohabitat Approach. VAW-Mitteilungen. 267. Zürich: Eigenverlag der Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie (VAW), ETH Zürich.

    • Weber, C., 2018. "Mögen Biber und Forelle die Rolling Stones? Über Kies und Co in kleinen Gewässern." Ingenieurbiologie 2018(4): 21-28. pdf

    • Weber, C., Belser, A., De Cesare, G., Fink, S., Vetsch, D., 2022. Wasserbau UND Ökologie: Zusammenarbeit über Disziplinen und Berufsfelder hinweg. Ingenieurbiologie 20: 12-20. pdf

    • Dubuis, R., De Cesare, G., 2022. Influence of vertical fluxes on the clogging of riverbed by fine sediment. Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress. 659-666.

    • Dubuis, R., De Cesare, G., 2023. The clogging of riverbeds: A review of the physical processes. Earth-Science Reviews, 239: 104374.

    • Fink, S., Gross, A., Senn-Irlet, B., Scheidegger, C., 2021. Citizen science data predict high potential for macrofungal refugia outside protected riparian areas. Fungal Ecology, 49: 100981

    • Fink, S., Hoppler-Wiedmer, A., Zengerer, V., Egger, G., Schletterer, M., Scheidegger, C., 2022. Gene flow in a pioneer plant metapopulation (Myricaria germanica) at the catchment scale in a fragmented alpine river system. Scientific Reports, 12: 8570.

    • Fink, S., Scheidegger, C., 2018. Effects of barriers on functional connectivity of riparian plant habitats under climate change. Ecological engineering, 115: 75-90.

    • Fink, S., Scheidegger, C., 2021. Changing climate requires shift from refugia to sanctuaries for floodplain forests. Landscape Ecology, 36: 1423-1439.

    • Gerke, E., Vetsch, D.F., Boes, R., 2021. Einlassbauwerke von Retentionsräumen im Nebenschluss von Fliessgewässern. Proceedings of the Wasserbau-Symposium 2021 (Zurich, Switzerland, 15-17 September 2021). 239-247.

    • Juez, C., Schärer, C., Jenny, H., Schleiss, A. J., Franca, M. J., 2019. Floodplain land cover and flow hydrodynamic control of overbank sedimentation in compound channel flows. Water Resources Research, 55: 9072– 9091.

    • Kowarik, C., Martin-Creuzburg, D., Mathers, K.L., Weber, C., Robinson, C.T, 2023. Stream degradation affects aquatic resource subsidies to riparian ground-dwelling spiders. Science of the Total Environment, 855: 158658.

    • Kowarik, C., Martin-Creuzburg, D., Robinson, C.T., 2021. Cross-ecosystem linkages: Transfer of polyunsaturated fatty acids from streams to riparian spiders via emergent insects. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9: 707570.

    • Mathers, K.L., Kowarik, C., Rachelly, C., Robinson, C.T., Weber, C., 2021. The effects of sediment traps on instream habitat and macroinvertebrates of mountain streams. Journal of Environmental Management, 295: 113066.

    • Mathers, K.L., Michalec, F.-G., Holzner, M., Weber, C., 2020. Beneath the surface: Application of transparent super absorbent polymer substrates to track faunal activity within the sediment layer. Freshwater Biology, 65(11): 1923-1935.

    • Mathers, K.L., Robinson, C.T., Weber, C., 2021. Artificial flood reduces fine sediment clogging, and enhances subsurface physicochemical conditions and hyporheic accessibility for macroinvertebrates. Ecological Solutions and Evidence, 2(4): e12103.

    • Mathers, K.L., Robinson, C.T., Weber, C., 2022. Patchiness in flow refugia use by macroinvertebrates following an artificial flood pulse. River Research and Applications, 38: 696-707.

    • Mathers, K.L., Robinson, C.T., Weber, C., Wood, P, 2022. The importance of substrate heterogeneity and vertical hydrological connectivity for ecological diversity. In: International Symposium on Bedload Management (eds. Wyss, CR, De Cesare, G, Lane, SN, Marti, C, Nitsche, M, Pauli, M et al.). Wasser-Agenda 21 Interlaken, Switzerland.

    • Mörtl, C., De Cesare, G., Boes, R., 2021. Untersuchung der ökomorphologischen Wirksamkeit von Sedimentzugaben unterhalb von Talsperren. Proceedings of the Wasserbau-Symposium 2021 (Zurich, Switzerland, 15-17 September 2021). 165-172.

    • Mörtl, C., Vorlet, S.L., Manso, P., De Cesare, G., 2020. The sediment challenge of Swiss river corridors interrupted by man-made reservoirs. River Flow 2020: Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (Delft, Netherlands, 7-10 July 2020).

    • Rachelly, C., Friedl, F., Boes, R. M., & Weitbrecht, V., 2021. Morphological response of channelized, sinuous gravel‐bed rivers to sediment replenishment. Water Resources Research, 57(6): e2020WR029178.

    • Rachelly, C., Mathers, K.L., Weber, C., Weitbrecht, V., Boes, R.M., Vetsch, D.F., 2021. How does sediment supply influence refugia availability in river widenings? Journal of Ecohydraulics, 6(2): 121-138.

    • Rachelly, C., Vetsch, D. F., Boes, R. M., Weitbrecht, V., 2022. Sediment supply control on morphodynamic processes in gravel‐bed river widenings. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 47(15): 3415-3434.

    • Rachelly, C., Weitbrecht, V., Vetsch, D.F., Boes, R.M., 2018. Morphological development of river widenings with variable sediment supply. River Flow 2018 - Ninth International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (Lyon-Villeurbanne, France, September 5-8, 2018), 40: 02007.

    • Scheidegger, C., Weber, C., De Cesare, G., Vetsch, D.F., Belser, A., 2021. Praxisorientierte Forschung im Bereich Wasserbau und Oekologie. Proceedings of the Wasserbau-Symposium 2021 (Zurich, Switzerland, 15-17 September 2021). 597-604.

    • Schroff, R., Mörtl, C., De Cesare, G., 2021. Ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity measurements as a co-indicator for the eco-morphological assessment in a residual flow reach. Proceedings of the 13th Symposium on Ultrasonic Doppler Methods for Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Engineering. 107-111.

    • Takatsu, K., Brodersen, J., 2023. Repeated elevational clines of early life‐history traits and their proximate mechanisms in brown trout. Freshwater Biology, 68(4): 609-620.

    • Takatsu, K., Delarue, C., Heller, N., Saboret, G., & Brodersen, J., 2022. Relationships between egg size and maternal size, life history forms, and habitats of Greenlandic Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Environmental Biology of Fishes. 1-10.

    • Takatsu, K., Selz, O. M., Brodersen, J., 2022. Temperature regime during embryogenesis alters subsequent behavioural phenotypes of juvenile brown trout. Biology Letters, 18(11): 20220369.

    • van Rooijen, E., Siviglia, A., Vetsch, D.F., Boes, R.M., Vanzo, D., 2022. Quantifying fluvial habitat changes due to multiple subsequent floods in a braided alpine reach. Journal of Ecohydraulics: 1-21.

    • van Rooijen, E., Vanzo, D., Vetsch, D. F., Boes, R. M., Siviglia, A., 2021. Enhancing an unsupervised clustering algorithm with a spatial contiguity constraint for river habitat analysis. Ecohydrology, 14(4): e2285.

    • Woellner, R., Scheidegger, C., Fink, S., 2021. Gene flow in a highly dynamic habitat and a single founder event: proof from a plant population on a relocated river site. Global Ecology and Conservation, 28: e01686.

    • Aerne, L., 2020. Links between substrate structure, aquatic invertebrate communities and brown trout ecology: A case study within and among Swiss streams. Master Thesis. University of Zurich.

    • Bianchi, A., 2018. Analyse ausgewählter Objekte des Bundesinventars der Auengebiete von nationaler Bedeutung. Master Thesis, ETH Zürich/ Eawag/ VAW. pdf

    • Friese, N., 2019. The influence of flow velocity and sediment characteristics on macroinvertebrate drift. Master’s thesis, Radboud University Nijmegen/ University Duisburg Essen/ Eawag.

    • Kowarik, C., 2022. Cross-ecosystem linkages - anthropogenic impacts on subsidy transfer from streams to riparian zones by emergent aquatic insects. Doctoral Thesis, ETH Zurich.

    • Rachelly, C., 2022. Sediment Supply Control on River Widening Morphodynamics and Refugia Availability. Doctoral Thesis, ETH Zurich.

    • Schibler, M., 2020. Auswirkungen von Wasseraufenthalt und Abstürze der Samen der Myricaria germanica. Bachelor’s thesis, ETH Zürich/WSL. pdf

    • Schroff, R., 2020. Eco-Morphological Evaluation of a Residual Flow Reach Restoration Measure. Master Thesis. Technical University Munich.

    • Stirnemann, A., 2018. Niche differentiation and genetic structure of Bactrospora dryina in Swiss hardwood floodplain and coppice-with-standards forests. Master Thesis, Uni Bern/ WSL. pdf

    • van Rooijen, E., 2022. Development and application of a new automatic fluvial mesohabitat approach. Doctoral Thesis, ETH Zurich.

    • Wiedmer, A., 2018. Spatiotemporal dynamics of a riparian plant along three floodplains in the Swiss Alps. Master Thesis, Uni Zürich/ WSL. pdf

❮ Corsi d’acqua resilienti
Dinamica dei sedimenti e degli habitat ❯